In which layer of the skin does the nail matrix reside?

The nail matrix is located in the epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. This matrix is crucial for nail growth and is situated beneath the base of the nail, where it produces the cells that ultimately form the nail plate. The epidermis itself consists of multiple layers, and the matrix specifically is at the proximal end of the nail and is responsible for the hard structure that we recognize as the nail.

The dermis, while important for providing support and nourishment to the epidermis, does not house the nail matrix. The hypodermis is even deeper and mainly consists of fat and connective tissue, which further separates it from the nail structure. The stratum corneum, as the outermost layer of the epidermis made up of dead skin cells, does not encompass the nail matrix directly. Instead, it is a layer through which the nail plate extends, comprising dead keratinized cells that contribute to the surface appearance of the nail but do not play a role in its growth.